Diet Guide
Low Sodium Diet
Excess sodium causes fluid retention and raises blood pressure — two of the most damaging forces in kidney disease. Limiting sodium is one of the most effective steps you can take.
Why sodium matters
Sodium is a mineral found in salt and many processed foods. It controls fluid balance in the body. When kidneys are damaged, they struggle to excrete excess sodium, leading to fluid buildup, swelling (edema), and high blood pressure — all of which accelerate kidney damage.
Most kidney patients are advised to limit sodium to 1,500–2,000 mg per day. The average American consumes over 3,400 mg daily — most of it from processed and restaurant foods, not the salt shaker.
Lower sodium — good choices
• Fresh or frozen vegetables (no added salt)
• Fresh fruits
• Fresh or frozen unseasoned meat, poultry, fish
• Dried beans and peas (cooked from scratch)
• Unsalted nuts and seeds
• Unsalted crackers and rice cakes
• Homemade soups and sauces
• Herbs, spices, lemon juice for flavor
• Low-sodium canned goods (rinse before use)
• Plain rice, pasta, oatmeal
High sodium — limit or avoid
• Table salt, sea salt, garlic salt, onion salt
• Canned soups and vegetables
• Processed meats (deli meat, bacon, sausage)
• Fast food and restaurant meals
• Frozen dinners and packaged meals
• Pickles, olives, sauerkraut
• Soy sauce, teriyaki sauce, steak sauce
• Salted snacks (chips, pretzels, crackers)
• Cheese (most varieties)
• Condiments (ketchup, mustard, salad dressings)
Practical tips
Cook at home
Restaurant and takeout meals are among the highest sodium sources. Cooking from scratch gives you full control.
Read the Nutrition Facts label
Look for "sodium" per serving. Aim for less than 140 mg per serving for individual items, and track your daily total.
Rinse canned foods
Rinsing canned beans, vegetables, and tuna under water for 1 minute can reduce sodium by up to 40%.
Flavor with herbs and spices
Garlic, onion powder, lemon, vinegar, cumin, and fresh herbs add flavor without sodium.
Watch "hidden" sodium
Bread, cereals, and dairy products often contain significant sodium even when they do not taste salty.
Disclaimer: This guide is for general educational purposes only. Dietary needs vary by individual. Always consult your nephrologist or a registered renal dietitian before making changes to your diet.
Download this guide as a PDF
Print-ready, branded handout — bring it to your next appointment.
Need help managing blood pressure and sodium?
Our team monitors your blood pressure and kidney function at every visit and can provide personalized dietary guidance.